28231014 — Symptoms & Failure Modes
Common symptoms and verified failure modes of a failing Delphi 28231014 2.0 Diesel (4D20) Common Rail Injector (Great Wall Steed / Hover H5 / Haval H6).
Rough idle / vibration · high
A leaking injector unbalances cylinder fuelling on the 4D20.
Hard starting · high
Excess back-leakage drops cranking rail pressure.
Loss of power / limp mode · high
Out-of-range delivery or rail-pressure deviation cuts power.
Black smoke · medium
Poor atomisation over-fuels the cylinder.
Engine management light · medium
Cylinder-specific injector or fuel-metering codes.